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Medical Students' Perceptions of Small Group Teaching versus Lecture-based Teaching in a Resource-limited Setting: A
Sudha Rani1, Govind Kumar Gupta2, Santosh Kumar1
1Department of Anatomy, Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India.
Annals of African Medicine
|January 22, 2026
Summary
Small group teaching (SGT) is perceived as more effective than lecture-based PowerPoint teaching (LBTP) by Indian medical students. SGT enhances understanding, engagement, and knowledge retention, supporting its integration into medical education.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Pedagogy in Higher Education
Background:
- Medical education is shifting towards interactive methods like small group teaching (SGT).
- Traditional lecture-based PowerPoint teaching (LBTP) effectiveness is increasingly debated regarding student engagement and critical thinking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare Indian medical undergraduates' perceptions of SGT versus LBTP.
- To evaluate student preferences for interactive versus traditional teaching methods.
Main Methods:
- A pilot study involved 100 Indian medical undergraduates.
- The same topic was taught using SGT (small groups) and LBTP (whole-class lecture).
- Student feedback was collected via questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests.
Main Results:
- 85% of students found SGT more effective than LBTP, citing better understanding and engagement.
- Knowledge retention was significantly higher with SGT (62.2%) compared to LBTP (11.2%).
- Key SGT strengths included improved interaction, clarity, peer learning, and personalized feedback.
Conclusions:
- Small group teaching is perceived as superior to lecture-based PowerPoint teaching among Indian medical students.
- Findings support incorporating learner-centered, interactive methods in resource-limited medical education settings.
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