[Swallowing disorder after stroke - diagnosis and therapy in primary care]

Dysphagia is a common consequence of stroke, affecting a significant proportion of patients especially during the acute phase. They carry a substantial risk of complications such as aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and dehydration, and can considerably impair both quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes. In general practice, where many stroke survivors receive follow-up care, early identification of dysphagia is essential to prevent serious consequences like pneumonia or nutritional deficits. This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). It outlines established screening tools and diagnostic approaches, as well as therapeutic options that can be applied in primary care settings. Special emphasis is placed on interprofessional collaboration and the role of general practitioners in coordinating therapy and long-term management. The article offers practical recommendations for the care of affected patients and supports primary care providers in delivering competent and comprehensive treatment.