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Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid Analysis by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy in Peri-Implantitis-A Pilot Study.

Francisco Maligno1, Ricardo N M J Páscoa2, Pedro S Gomes3,4

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Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy effectively differentiates peri-implantitis (PI) from healthy sites. Higher accuracy in within-subject comparisons highlights its potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for peri-implant health.

Keywords:
IR spectroscopyPCAPLS‐DAchemometricsperi‐implant crevicular fluidperi‐implantitis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Dental Implantology

Background:

  • Peri-implantitis (PI) is a growing concern in dental implantology.
  • Early diagnosis of PI is crucial for successful treatment and implant preservation.
  • Current diagnostic methods may lack specificity or invasiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate biochemical differences in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) between healthy and PI sites using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
  • To compare PICF from PI sites with gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from healthy contralateral teeth within the same participants.
  • To assess the diagnostic potential of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric analysis for peri-implant conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Collected PICF from healthy and PI sites, and GCF from healthy teeth (n=20/group).
  • Analyzed samples using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
  • Applied chemometric models (PCA, PLS-DA) for data analysis and identification of spectral differences.

Main Results:

  • ATR-FTIR identified spectral differences related to proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids between healthy and PI sites.
  • Between-participant analysis achieved 75% accuracy.
  • Within-participant (split-mouth) analysis demonstrated higher accuracy at 83.4%.

Conclusions:

  • ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometric modeling can effectively discriminate between peri-implant health and PI.
  • The higher accuracy in within-subject comparisons suggests FTIR's potential as a site-specific diagnostic tool.
  • This technique offers a promising non-invasive approach for diagnosing peri-implantitis.