Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Published on: June 9, 2023
What Has Changed in the 2025 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with
Mehmet Uludag1, Ozan Caliskan1, Mehmet Taner Unlu1
1Department of General Surgery, Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Abstract:
American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines for the management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) were first published in 1996 and updated in 2006, 2009, and 2015. In 2025, the ATA released a revised version that, for the first time, focuses exclusively on DTC. In our previous reviews, we summarized the updates on preoperative, diagnostic, surgical, and early postoperative management of DTC. In this third and final part, we compare the 2015 and 2025 ATA guidelines with respect to long-term follow-up, TSH suppression strategies, thyroglobulin monitoring, follow-up of low-risk patients. Diagnostic radioiodine whole-body scanning, FDG-PET/CT, dynamic risk stratification, and the management of recurrent or metastatic disease, including local therapies, radioiodine preparation and dosing, and systemic treatments were also highlighted in this part. Particular emphasis is placed on the expanded recommendations for kinase inhibitor therapy, sequencing of systemic agents, targeted therapies (NTRK, RET, ALK, BRAF), redifferentiation approaches, immunotherapy, and supportive care strategies addressing bone and brain metastases, financial toxicity and psychosocial needs. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of these updates and discusses their implications for individualized long-term management of DTC.
Related Concept Videos
The Thyroid Gland
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Principles of Disease Surveillance

