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Visualization, Quantification, and Mapping of Immune Cell Populations in the Tumor Microenvironment

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Anlotinib inhibits esophageal cancer malignancy by ameliorating the immune microenvironment

Zhao Minghong1, Yuan Lin1, Huang Xi1

  • 1Department of Oncology, Jianhu People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224700, Jiangsu, China.

Discover Oncology
|January 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Anlotinib, a VEGFR2 inhibitor, effectively suppresses esophageal cancer (EC) growth. This study links VEGFR2 expression to immune cell infiltration, suggesting anlotinib as a potential EC treatment strategy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Esophageal cancer (EC) presents a significant global health burden with limited therapeutic options.
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) has emerged as a key target in EC research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inhibitory effect of anlotinib, an oral VEGFR2 inhibitor, on esophageal cancer.
  • To evaluate the correlation between VEGFR2 expression and immune cell infiltration in EC.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of anlotinib in EC intervention.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess anlotinib's efficacy.
  • Comprehensive analysis and molecular experiments were employed to study VEGFR2 expression.
  • Immune cell infiltration levels, including macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), were analyzed in relation to VEGFR2.

Main Results:

  • Anlotinib demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on esophageal cancer progression both in vitro and in vivo.
  • VEGFR2 expression was found to be positively correlated with the infiltration levels of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs).

Conclusions:

  • Anlotinib exhibits potent anti-cancer activity against esophageal cancer.
  • VEGFR2 plays a role in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment in EC.
  • Targeting VEGFR2 with anlotinib presents a promising therapeutic strategy for esophageal cancer intervention.
Keywords:
AnlotinibEsophageal cancerImmune infiltrationVEGFR2

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