CAR-T cell therapy: Advancements in clinical applications and laboratory testing.

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Oncology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Adoptive cancer immunotherapy, particularly CAR-T cell therapy, represents a significant advancement over traditional treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
• While CAR-T cell therapy has demonstrated substantial efficacy in hematologic malignancies, its effectiveness in solid tumors remains limited, necessitating further research.

Purpose of the Study:

• This review summarizes recent progress in CAR-T cell therapy, focusing on laboratory tests essential for clinical practice.
• It highlights the need for reliable biomarkers and standardized guidelines to optimize patient management and overcome resistance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

• The review synthesizes current research on CAR-T cell therapy advancements.
• It discusses the development and application of laboratory diagnostics for evaluating CAR-T cell efficacy, prognosis, resistance, and toxicity.

Main Results:

• CAR-T cell therapy has shown significant efficacy in hematologic malignancies.
• Limited efficacy in solid tumors persists, driving research into more potent CAR-T cells and resistance mechanisms.

Conclusions:

• Reliable biomarkers and standardized management guidelines are essential for broader clinical application of CAR-T cell therapy.
• Progress in laboratory diagnostics is pivotal for optimizing patient care and managing CAR-T cell therapy's side effects and toxicity.