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Flow Cytometry-based Assay for the Monitoring of NK Cell Functions

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Published on: October 30, 2016

Natural Killer Cell Assays: Clinical Applications and Future Directions.

Minjeong Nam¹, Wooseok Park¹, Hyun-Young Kim¹

¹Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Annals of Laboratory Medicine

|March 24, 2026

Summary

Natural killer (NK) cell assays are crucial for immune surveillance and disease diagnosis. These assays assess NK cell phenotype, frequency, and function, aiding in diagnosing conditions like hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and identifying biomarkers for cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:

Autoimmune diseases Cancer Cytotoxicity Functional assays Hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis Infections Natural killer cells

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Cellular Biology

Background:

Natural killer (NK) cells are vital immune components, mediating cytotoxicity and cytokine release for immune surveillance and homeostasis.
Their ability to target cells without prior antigen recognition makes them promising for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current clinical applications of NK cell assays.
To highlight the diagnostic potential of NK cell assays in various diseases and for identifying biomarkers.

Main Methods:

Discussion of NK cell phenotype, frequency, and functional activity assessments in clinical settings.
Exploration of diagnostic utility in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and other pathological contexts.

Main Results:

NK cell assays are increasingly important for clinical practice.
These assays show diagnostic potential for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
NK cell biomarkers are relevant in cancer, infections, and autoimmune diseases.

Conclusions:

NK cell assays are valuable tools for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring treatment efficacy.
Integrating clinical insights with technological advancements enhances the utility of NK cell assays.