Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM639 Alleviates Hypertension by Reshaping Gut Microbiota and Regulating Key Metabolites

A strong association between the gut microbiome and hypertension has emerged. Our previous work demonstrated that supplementation with L. plantarum CCFM639 (CCFM639) reduced blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive mice involving inhibiting the growth of S. aureofaciens Tü117 and conducted an exploratory randomized trial in adults with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension. Here, we evaluate the effects of CCFM639 supplementation (10⁹ CFU/day for 8 weeks) on the gut microbiome and serum metabolome in a subset of these participants (n = 20). Untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed on serum samples, and stool microbiome composition was assessed via metagenomic sequencing. Mono-CCFM639 supplementation altered the metabolomic profile without affecting gut microbiota diversity but reshaped microbial composition. CCFM639 supplementation modulated both the gut microbiome and serum metabolome. Circulating gut-derived metabolites are likely to account for the improvements in BP, suggesting that CCFM639 supplementation could be a key component of nutritional interventions targeting the gut microbiota for hypertension management.