Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026
Less-Invasive Technique for Non-stabilized Mandibular Fracture in Mouse Models
Published on: September 27, 2024
Does the Surgical Approach Influence Masseter Muscle Contractility in Patients With Unilateral Mandibular Condylar
Subham S Agarwal1, Ekta Khandelwal2, Santhosh Rao3
1Senior Resident, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.
Background:
Surface electromyography provides an objective, noninvasive method for assessing masseter muscle function and postoperative recovery following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of mandibular condylar fractures.
Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to compare masseter muscle power and contractility following ORIF of unilateral mandibular condylar fractures using the transparotid (TP) and transmasseteric anterior parotid (TMAP) approaches.
Study Design, Setting, Sample:
This retrospective cohort study included adult subjects who underwent ORIF for unilateral condylar fractures using TP or TMAP approaches between January 2021 and December 2022. Subjects with pretraumatic temporomandibular joint disorders, additional surgical approaches, or incomplete surface electromyography data were excluded. Twenty-two subjects were analyzed (11 per group).
Predictor Variable:
The predictor variable was surgical approach (TP vs TMAP).
Main Outcome Variables:
The primary outcome variables were maximum amplitude and mean power. The amplitude is the maximum peak of the negative phase to the maximum peak of positive phase in electromyography. Power is defined as the sum of action potentials produced in the muscle.
Covariates:
The covariates were age, sex, and fracture patterns.
Analyses:
Longitudinal changes were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Operated and contralateral sides were compared using paired t-tests. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis assessed time to ≥80% recovery (P < .05).
Results:
The mean age was 32.8 ± 11.2 years in the TP group and 27.8 ± 8.5 years in the TMAP group (P = .3), with male predominance (86.3%, n = 19). Repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated a significant effect of time on both amplitude and power within group (P < .001), with no significant time × approach interaction. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that all subjects achieved ≥80% recovery by the earliest postoperative interval (7-10 days), with no difference between approaches (P = .4). At 3 months, a small but significant reduction in mean power persisted on the operated side in the TMAP group (P = .024).
Conclusion And Relevance:
Regardless of the approach used, the masseter muscle achieved ≥80% functional recovery within 7-10 days. Recovery is primarily time-dependent, allowing the choice of surgical approach to be guided by fracture characteristics and surgeon expertise.
Related Concept Videos
02:15The Contractile Ring
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
01:27Fractures: Bone Repair
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
01:15Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients
01:22Bioavailability: Influencing Factors
01:29The Influence of Affect on Cognition
01:29The Influence of Cognition on Affect