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Improving free-space continuous variable quantum key distribution with adaptive optics.

Mikhael T Sayat1,2,3,4, Marcus Birch5,6, Michael Copeland6

  • 1Quantum Innovation Centre (Q.InC), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore. mikhael_sayat@a-star.edu.sg.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Turbulence degrades free-space quantum key distribution (CVQKD) by distorting signals. Adaptive optics at the receiver can correct these distortions, significantly improving CVQKD performance and key rates in turbulent environments.

Keywords:
Adaptive opticsContinuous variableQuantum key distributionTurbulence

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Optical Engineering
  • Atmospheric Optics

Background:

  • Free-space quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is susceptible to performance degradation caused by atmospheric turbulence.
  • Turbulence induces phase and amplitude aberrations in the transmitted quantum signal wavefronts.
  • This leads to reduced interferometric visibility between the quantum signal and the local oscillator (LO).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of turbulence on interferometric visibility in CVQKD systems.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness of adaptive optics (AO) in mitigating turbulence-induced aberrations.
  • To quantify the improvement in CVQKD performance metrics using AO.

Main Methods:

  • Coherent state transmissions were conducted through turbulent channels of 60 cm and 30 m.
  • Interferometric visibility was measured with and without adaptive optics correction.
  • Channel characterization was performed to assess wavefront aberrations.
  • The impact on secret key rates in an ideal CVQKD system was theoretically analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A decrease in interferometric visibility was observed in turbulent channels.
  • Adaptive optics significantly increased interferometric visibility and reduced its fluctuations.
  • Characterization confirmed AO's ability to correct phase and amplitude aberrations.
  • Simulations showed that AO leads to more precise and higher secret key rates.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive optics is a viable solution to counteract turbulence effects in free-space CVQKD.
  • Implementing AO at the receiver enhances the robustness and key generation rates of CVQKD systems.
  • This work improves the practical feasibility of secure quantum communication over atmospheric channels.