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A Synovium-on-Chip Platform to Study Multicellular Interactions in Arthritis.

Laurens R Spoelstra1,2,3, Fleur R Semmekrot1, Nuno Araújo-Gomes1

  • 1Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.

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|January 25, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a synovium-on-chip (SoC) model using human cells to study arthritis. This innovative platform reveals cellular interactions crucial for understanding disease progression and developing new arthritis therapies.

Keywords:
arthritiscellular crosstalkendothelial remodelingfibroblast‐like synoviocytesorgan‐on‐chipsynovium‐on‐chip

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Arthritis progression involves complex cellular interactions within the synovium.
  • Understanding this crosstalk is limited by the lack of human-relevant preclinical models.
  • The synovium's role in modulating arthritis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, compartmentalized synovium-on-chip (SoC) platform.
  • To investigate cellular crosstalk between fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), macrophages, and endothelial cells.
  • To model synovial inflammation and study arthritis mechanisms in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culture of primary human FLS, THP-1-derived macrophages, and endothelial cells on a microporous membrane.
  • Utilizing a microscale architecture to sustain cell viability and markers for over ten days.
  • Employing machine-learning-based image analysis to assess cellular interactions and phenotypic shifts.

Main Results:

  • The SoC platform successfully maintained co-cultures and lineage-specific markers.
  • FLS migration through the membrane induced endothelial lumen remodeling.
  • TNF-α stimulation established synovial inflammation with significant cytokine upregulation.
  • Demonstrated dynamic, migration-driven interactions between synovium and vasculature.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SoC platform is a powerful tool for studying arthritis progression.
  • It facilitates the investigation of intercellular communication in the synovium.
  • Provides a novel in vitro model for identifying therapeutic targets for arthritis.