Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Purification and Transplantation of Myogenic Progenitor Cell Derived Exosomes to Improve Cardiac Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophic Mice
08:13

Purification and Transplantation of Myogenic Progenitor Cell Derived Exosomes to Improve Cardiac Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophic Mice

Published on: April 10, 2019

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Exogenous dendritic cell-derived exosomes promote Treg differentiation via IDO1-Kyn-AhR axis and improve cardiac

Yiran Qin1, Youming Zhang2, Mingxuan Li3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China.

International Immunopharmacology
|January 25, 2026
PubMed

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a vital role in cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Our previous study demonstrated that dendritic cell-derived exosomes (DEXs) improve cardiac function after MI by promoting Treg differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we found that necrotic HL-1 cardiomyocyte supernatant-conditioned DEXs (MI-DEXs) expressed high level of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), which led to increased kynurenine (Kyn) production and subsequently upregulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in CD4+ T cells. Overexpression of IDO1 in MI-DEXs enhanced Treg differentiation and further improved cardiac function after MI, whereas knockdown of IDO1 attenuated these effects. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of AhR abolished the enhanced Treg differentiation and functional benefits induced by IDO1-overexpressing MI-DEXs, both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which MI-DEXs promote Treg differentiation via the IDO1-Kyn-AhR axis, and suggest that administration of MI-DEXs could be a potential intervention to facilitate cardiac repair after MI.

Keywords:
Dendritic cellsExosomesIndoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1Myocardial infarctionRegulatory T cells

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