Post-Myocardial Infarction Prognostic Factors and Mortality in the Gulf Region: A Systematic Review and...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in the Gulf region.
• Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a critical concern due to prevalent comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
• Understanding prognostic factors for post-MI outcomes is crucial for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and meta-analyze prognostic factors influencing Myocardial Infarction (MI) outcomes in Saudi Arabia and Gulf countries.
• To identify demographic and clinical predictors of mortality and adverse events post-MI.
• To provide region-specific insights into MI prognosis.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
• Comprehensive database search (2013-2024) for studies on MI outcomes.
• Pooled adjusted odds ratios for mortality and assessed heterogeneity and bias.

Main Results:

• Gender, age, comorbidities, and biomarkers significantly impact MI mortality risks.
• Women showed higher mortality rates, linked to older age and greater comorbidity burden.
• Ventricular arrhythmias and recurrent MI predicted adverse in-hospital outcomes; short-term mortality risk was over threefold higher.

Conclusions:

• Demographic and clinical factors significantly influence MI outcomes in the Gulf region, with notable gender disparities.
• Biological and systemic factors contribute to the observed gender differences in MI outcomes.
• Targeted interventions and improved risk stratification are essential for managing high-risk MI patients in the Gulf.