Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision02:43

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

37.6K
The ideal-gas equation, which is empirical, describes the behavior of gases by establishing relationships between their macroscopic properties. For example, Charles’ law states that volume and temperature are directly related. Gases, therefore, expand when heated at constant pressure. Although gas laws explain how the macroscopic properties change relative to one another, it does not explain the rationale behind it.
37.6K
Pore Size Distribution01:23

Pore Size Distribution

467
In concrete, the pore size distribution significantly influences the material's properties. Capillary pores, markedly larger than gel pores, form a vast network within partially hydrated cement paste, reducing the concrete's strength and increasing its permeability. This heightened permeability leads to a greater risk of damage from environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles and chemical attacks, with the extent of vulnerability also being tied to the water-to-cement ratio.
Adequate...
467
Distribution of Molecular Speeds01:27

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

5.4K
The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This predictable distribution of molecular speeds is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. The distribution of molecular speeds in liquids is comparable to that of gases but not identical and can help to understand the phenomenon of the boiling and vapor pressure of a liquid. Consider that a molecule requires a...
5.4K
Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

4.8K
For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
4.8K
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

6.8K
In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
6.8K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

1.7K
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effects of Carbon Fillers on Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Water-Based Polymer Nanocomposites.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Waterborne Random Copolymers as Polymeric Surfactants for Emulsion Polymerization.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same author

Thiol-Functionalized TiO<sub>2</sub> as Reactive Nanoadsorbents for Residual Monomer Removal from Waterborne Polymer Dispersions.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same author

Menthol-Based Hydrophobic Eutectic Solvents as Green Plasticizers for Biobased Acrylic Polymers.

ACS applied polymer materials·2026
Same author

Reactivity Ratios of Biobased Dibutyl Itaconate with Conventional and Renewable (Meth)Acrylates: Influence of Depropagation.

Biomacromolecules·2025
Same author

Advanced Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Graphene-Based Catalysts.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same journal

Modeling Flow and Mass Transfer within Hollow Fiber Packaging for Gas Separation.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same journal

Designing a Robust MEA-Based Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Process with Capture Rate Guarantees.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same journal

Tools for Understanding Molecular Orbital Interactions of Molecules on Surfacesî—¸Density Functional Theory Calculations of H<sub>2</sub> Adsorbed on Cu(111) and Pd/Cu(111).

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same journal

Green Composite of Instant Coffee and Poly(vinyl alcohol): An Excellent Transparent UV-Shielding Material with Superior Thermal-Oxidative Stability.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same journal

Assessing Biomass-Based Methanol Production via Electrified Gasification and Solar-Assisted CO<sub>2</sub> Utilization.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
Same journal

Fixed Bed Chemical Looping beyond Gas Switching: Application to Dynamic Industrial Waste Gas Conversion.

Industrial & engineering chemistry research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model
06:54

Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model

Published on: August 22, 2015

14.3K

Harnessing Particle Size Segregation To Tune Molecular Additive Distribution in Coatings.

Huyen Le1, Timothy J Murdoch1, Aitor Barquero2

  • 1Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
|January 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Controlling small-molecule additive distribution in polymer coatings is key for performance. Bimodal colloidal blends and drying conditions effectively tune additive location and slow release, enhancing functional film design.

More Related Videos

Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy
09:16

Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy

Published on: January 9, 2017

14.9K
Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles
05:03

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model
06:54

Characterization of Nanocrystal Size Distribution using Raman Spectroscopy with a Multi-particle Phonon Confinement Model

Published on: August 22, 2015

14.3K
Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy
09:16

Measurement of Particle Size Distribution in Turbid Solutions by Dynamic Light Scattering Microscopy

Published on: January 9, 2017

14.9K
Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles
05:03

Precise Electrochemical Sizing of Individual Electro-Inactive Particles

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • The spatial distribution of small-molecule additives in polymer coatings significantly impacts performance, including antimicrobial and corrosion resistance.
  • While nanoparticle and polymer distribution control is established, molecular additive positioning in coatings remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of bimodal colloidal blends for controlling the spatial distribution of a model molecular additive, nickel-(II) phthalocyanine (NiPc), during polymer coating drying.
  • To understand how particle size distribution and drying conditions influence additive localization and release kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized complementary microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to analyze NiPc distribution within polymer films formed from bimodal colloidal blends.
  • Investigated the effect of varying relative humidity and drying rates on additive stratification and localization.
  • Performed release studies and fitted data using the Korsmeyer-Peppas model to determine diffusion mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Nickel-(II) phthalocyanine (NiPc) preferentially associated with smaller particles in bimodal blends due to higher surface area.
  • Low to medium humidity drying led to NiPc enrichment at the film surface (small-on-top stratification).
  • Slow drying at high humidity caused NiPc accumulation near the substrate via particle aggregation and sedimentation.
  • Bimodal films demonstrated slower initial NiPc burst release compared to monomodal films, indicating sustained delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Particle size distribution in colloidal blends and evaporation rate are critical tunable parameters for modulating molecular additive location and release in polymer coatings.
  • This approach offers a versatile strategy for designing functional coatings with tailored properties for applications in medical, marine, and protective technologies.
  • Fickian diffusion was identified as the primary release mechanism, influenced by the coating's pore structure.