Histopathological Spectrum of a Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst With Uncommon Findings

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Odontogenic cysts
• Head and neck tumors

Background:

• Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is an uncommon lesion, representing less than 1% of all odontogenic cysts.
• It typically affects the anterior jaw in individuals aged 20-30, with no gender preference.
• COC exhibits variable clinical and radiographic features, often mimicking other common jaw pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present three histopathologically confirmed cases of mandibular COC.
• To emphasize the diagnostic characteristics and histopathological diversity of COC.
• To highlight the importance of histopathological confirmation for COC diagnosis.

Main Methods:

• Review of three histopathologically confirmed cases of mandibular COC.
• Analysis of clinical and radiographic presentations.
• Detailed histopathological examination focusing on diagnostic criteria and variations.

Main Results:

• The three cases presented were histopathologically confirmed as COC.
• Clinical and radiographic suspicion varied, including ameloblastoma, lateral periodontal cyst, and radicular cyst.
• Histopathological examination revealed characteristic cystic architecture with ghost cells, confirming COC diagnosis.

Conclusions:

• Histopathological confirmation is essential for diagnosing Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (COC) due to its variable presentation.
• COC shares diagnostic criteria with other jaw pathologies, necessitating detailed microscopic evaluation.
• Understanding the histopathological diversity of COC aids in accurate diagnosis and management.