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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

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Mobilizing effort in complex motor tasks: Try-harder instructions in deceptive actions.

Nils T Böer1, Michael B Steinborn2, Matthias Weigelt1

  • 1Department of Sport & Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.

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Summary

Trying harder with specific instructions improves performance in complex motor tasks, especially for novices. This effort enhancement primarily reduces attentional lapses, aiding in tasks requiring quick, coordinated movements.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Motor control and cognitive psychology
  • Human performance and expertise

Background:

  • External effort mobilization can influence task performance.
  • Understanding effort's impact on complex motor skills is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if "try-harder" instructions enhance performance in complex motor tasks.
  • To examine the role of athletic expertise in effort-based performance enhancement.
  • To determine how effort mobilization affects deceptive actions in sports.

Main Methods:

  • A reaction time paradigm was used with basketball passing movements (with/without head fakes).
  • Participants received general instructions or "try-harder" prompts in 25% of trials.
  • Novice and experienced basketball players were tested to assess expertise modulation.

Main Results:

  • "Try-harder" instructions generally improved performance, speeding up response times and movement execution.
  • Novices showed greater performance gains than experienced players, suggesting effort aids less-stabilized actions.
  • Effort mobilization primarily reduced attentional lapses rather than general processing speed.

Conclusions:

  • Effort mobilization enhances complex motor task performance, particularly when actions are not fully automated.
  • Cognitive capacity limitations and coordinating conflicting movement components are key factors.
  • Findings extend effort mobilization research to complex tasks and highlight its role in reducing attentional lapses.