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Switchable Acoustic and Optical Resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy for In Vivo Small-animal Blood Vasculature Imaging
Published on: June 26, 2017
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Construction of smart switchable nanoplatforms for adaptive phototheranostics
Yuewen Yu1, Yubo Liu2, Le Zhang2
1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330031, China. congbinfan@163.com.
Chemical Society Reviews
|January 27, 2026
Summary
Smart switchable phototheranostic platforms dynamically adjust functions for improved cancer diagnosis and therapy in complex tumor microenvironments (TMEs). This review explores five design strategies for adaptive phototheranostics, enhancing precision oncology.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Phototheranostics integrate diagnosis and therapy using excited-state energy dissipation.
- Conventional agents face functional competition in dynamic tumor microenvironments (TMEs).
- Smart switchable platforms offer adaptive energy redistribution for enhanced efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of organic-based smart switchable phototheranostics.
- To categorize design strategies and illustrate their adaptive applications.
- To discuss challenges and future directions in the field.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of recent advancements in smart switchable phototheranostics.
- Categorization into five design paradigms: caging/uncaging, dynamic assembly, intramolecular motion manipulation, photo-isomerization, and redox-state transitions.
- Elucidation of working principles and presentation of representative examples.
Main Results:
- Five distinct design paradigms for smart switchable phototheranostics were identified.
- Each strategy enables dynamic control over diagnostic and therapeutic functions.
- Tailored applications demonstrate improved performance in adaptive phototheranostics.
Conclusions:
- Smart switchable phototheranostic platforms represent a transformative strategy for precision oncology.
- These platforms overcome limitations of conventional agents in heterogeneous TMEs.
- Further research is needed to address challenges and advance adaptive phototheranostic technologies.
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