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Can DPP-4 Inhibitors Improve Glycemic Control and Preserve Beta-Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus? A

Henrique Villa Chagas^1,2, Lucas Fornari Laurindo³, Victória Dogani Rodrigues⁴

¹Department of Clinical Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Diabetes (CENID), Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 27, 2026

Summary

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors show modest benefits for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, improving glycemic control and beta-cell function. However, results are inconsistent, requiring further standardized research for clarity.

Keywords:

glycated hemoglobin glycemic control peptide C type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Published on: May 6, 2013

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Pharmacology

Background:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management requires optimizing glycemic control and preserving residual beta-cell function.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a class of oral hypoglycemic agents.
Investigating the role of DPP-4 inhibitors in T1DM is crucial for potential therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on glycemic control, insulin requirements, and beta-pancreatic cell function (C-peptide) in patients with T1DM.

Main Methods:

Systematic review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
PubMed database search for relevant randomized clinical trials.
Analysis of five trials measuring glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide levels, time in glycemic range (TIR), and daily insulin dose.

Main Results:

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) showed variable effects, with significant reductions in some studies and no significant changes in others.
Time in glycemic range (TIR) demonstrated an increase in one study, from approximately 77.87% to 84.40%.
Effects on C-peptide were inconsistent across studies, and a substantial reduction in insulin dose was not observed.

Conclusions:

DPP-4 inhibitors offer potential modest benefits for glycemic control and beta-cell function preservation in T1DM.
The observed effects were inconsistent, likely due to methodological heterogeneity among the included studies.
Further standardized research is necessary to identify specific patient subgroups who may benefit and to ascertain long-term efficacy.