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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

A "Patient-Like" Orthotopic Syngeneic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis
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Hepatocellular Carcinoma Around the Clock.

Mariana Verdelho Machado1,2,3

  • 1Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Modern lifestyles disrupt the human circadian cycle, increasing cancer risk. This review explores how circadian disruption impacts liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) development, prognosis, and treatment effectiveness.

Keywords:
chronotherapycircadian rhythmhepatocellular carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Oncology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Modern lifestyles, including shift work and artificial light exposure, disrupt the human circadian cycle.
  • Circadian disruption is a Group 2A carcinogen linked to rising hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rates, especially in Western countries.
  • Obesity and steatotic liver disease are major drivers of HCC, with emerging evidence implicating circadian disruption in their pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on the role of circadian disruption in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis.
  • To examine the impact of circadian disruption on HCC prognosis and treatment.
  • To discuss the potential of chronotherapy in improving HCC treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental preclinical data and epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of molecular signatures related to circadian regulation in HCC.
  • Evaluation of studies on chronotherapy and immunotherapy effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Strong association found between circadian disruption and HCC development.
  • Circadian regulatory molecular signatures accurately predict HCC patient prognosis.
  • Morning administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors may enhance immunotherapy effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian disruption is a significant factor in HCC pathogenesis and prognosis.
  • Chronotherapy, particularly timing of immunotherapy, shows promise for improving HCC treatment.
  • Further research into circadian rhythms' role in liver cancer is warranted.