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Updated: Jan 28, 2026
Two-way Valorization of Blast Furnace Slag: Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate and Zeolitic Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Published on: February 21, 2017
Transformation of tricalcium silicate crystalline forms in steel slag under cooling processes and mechanisms for
Xi Zhang1,2, Jiale He1, Chunhui Gu1
1College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Avenue, Tangshan, 063210, P.R. China. wangyj@ncst.edu.cn.
Abstract:
As a metallurgical bulk solid waste, stockpiled steel slag risks land occupation, as well as soil and groundwater pollution. Its low-activity T1-C3S (Ca3SiO5) changes to high-activity M3-C3S boosted hydration activity and reduces harmful releases via lattice solidification, thereby meeting environmental and industrial needs. To fit "green" metallurgical processes, we achieved T1-C3S-to-M3-C3S transformation in steel slag by optimizing cooling parameters and preparing and characterizing pure-phase C3S and studying cooling-induced crystal forms. Meanwhile, first-principles calculations explored the reactivity-electronic structure relationship of C3S polymorphs. Results indicated increased cooling rate weakened pure-phase C3S lattice amplitude, and water cooling at the synthesis temperature led to relatively high T1-C3S mass fraction. For steel slag under a specific water-cooling temperature, MgO solid solution effectively promoted the conversion of T1-C3S to M3-C3S to maximize M3-C3S content. Also, rapid cooling accelerated steel slag particle cracking, significantly increased pore parameters, and optimized compatibility with construction material feedstock. We optimized the cooling process to achieve T1-C3S-to-M3-C3S transformation in steel slag, mitigated solid waste secondary pollution, clarified mechanisms, and supported steel slag high-value utilization and upgrading of metallurgical green processes.
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