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Maternal Vitamin D Status, Oxidative Stress, and Implications for Neonatal Development: A Cross-Sectional Study
Tania Flores-Bazán1, Jacqueline Scarlett Barreto-González2, José Pedraza-Chaverri3
1Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, México.
Metabolites
|January 27, 2026
Summary
Vitamin D insufficiency in late pregnancy is common and linked to lower antioxidant levels and higher infant birth weight. This highlights the importance of vitamin D status for maternal and neonatal health.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology and maternal health
- Nutritional science and metabolism
- Biochemistry and oxidative stress
Background:
- Vitamin D (VD) is crucial for calcium homeostasis during pregnancy and influences redox processes.
- Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, but associations with antioxidant markers and neonatal outcomes, especially in the third trimester, need further clarification.
- Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) prevalence and its impact on maternal redox status and neonatal outcomes in late pregnancy are incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) in third-trimester pregnant women.
- To examine the associations between maternal VDI, antioxidant-related biomarkers, and neonatal outcomes.
- To investigate the relationship between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and redox markers.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of third-trimester pregnant women in Mexico City.
- Measurement of maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and redox markers (DPPH, GSH, GST, GPx, ORAC).
- Recording of neonatal anthropometric parameters and statistical analysis of associations.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) observed in the study population.
- Maternal VDI associated with reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities.
- Neonates born to mothers with VDI had higher birth weights; maternal 25-OHD correlated positively with antioxidant enzyme activities.
Conclusions:
- Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) in the third trimester co-occurs with environmental factors, altered maternal redox markers, and specific neonatal outcomes.
- Suboptimal VD status in late pregnancy is associated with variations in redox-related markers.
- Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are required to elucidate the temporal sequence and biological significance of these findings.
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