Paeonia lactiflora Callus-Derived Polynucleotides Enhance Collagen Accumulation in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Area of Science:

• Biomolecular Engineering
• Dermatology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Plant-derived polynucleotides (PNs) show regenerative potential but lack defined mechanisms.
• Salmon-derived polydeoxyribonucleotides (S-PDRNs) are established regenerative agents.
• Understanding novel PNs is crucial for developing new dermatological therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the biological effects of Paeonia lactiflora-derived polynucleotides (PL-PN) on human dermal fibroblasts.
• To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of PL-PN in promoting skin regeneration.
• To compare the efficacy of PL-PN with S-PDRNs.

Main Methods:

• Extraction of polynucleotides from Paeonia lactiflora callus (PL-PN).
• Treatment of human dermal fibroblasts with PL-PN.
• Analysis of cell viability, pro-collagen I α1 secretion, receptor expression, signaling pathway activation (cAMP/PKA/CREB), cell cycle progression markers (Cyclin D1, Rb, PCNA), inflammatory markers (NF-κB, MMPs), and extracellular matrix components (TGF-β, Smad2/3, COL1A1, COL3A1, elastin).

Main Results:

• PL-PN increased fibroblast viability and pro-collagen I α1 secretion.
• PL-PN activated the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway, promoting cell proliferation via G1/S transition.
• PL-PN reduced inflammation and matrix degradation by inhibiting NF-κB and MMPs, while enhancing TGF-β signaling and extracellular matrix deposition (collagen, elastin).

Conclusions:

• PL-PN promotes extracellular matrix regeneration through proliferative, anabolic, and anti-inflammatory actions.
• PL-PN demonstrates comparable effects to S-PDRN in human dermal fibroblasts.
• PL-PN represents a promising, sustainable, plant-based alternative for dermatological regeneration.