Close association of kinesiophobia with physical performance in patients with systemic sclerosis

The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with kinesiophobia in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). A total of 72 adult patients diagnosed with SSc were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical parameters reflecting disease severity, organ involvement, and inflammatory status were recorded. Kinesiophobia level was assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Y Balance Test (YBT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) were used to evaluate balance and functional capacity. Factors associated with kinesiophobia was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. Kinesiophobia (TSK ≥ 37) was identified in 26 patients (36.1%). Disease related parameters, including disease duration, disease activity, comorbidity burden, skin and other organ involvement (lung, gastrointestinal) were higher in patients with kinesiophobia (p < 0.05, for all). Patients with kinesiophobia had significantly lower BBS score, slower walking speed, longer TUG duration, and were unable to perform the YBT, compared to those without kinesiophobia (all p < 0.001). In the multivariable regression analysis, (β = - 1.26, CI - 1.59 to - 0.94, p < 0.001) and TUG (β = 1.24, CI 0.04-2.43, p = 0.043) showed to be associated with kinesiophobia severity independently. The multivariable model accounted for 65% of the variance in kinesiophobia (adjusted R² = 0.65). In patients with SSc, static imbalance and decreased mobilization capacity are closely associated with kinesiophobia. Monitoring these parameters should be prioritized for the management of kinesiophobia in patients with SSc.