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Couch-Surfing and HIV Risk Behavior Among Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young adults experiencing homelessness who are couch-surfing face higher HIV risks. Their housing situation, more than social support, significantly increases engagement in risky sexual behaviors like transactional sex.

Keywords:
Couch-surfingEgocentric network analysisHomeless youthSocial supportTransactional sex

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Network Analysis

Background:

  • Young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) exhibit higher rates of HIV risk-related sexual behavior compared to housed peers.
  • Social support networks are known influencers of sexual risk behaviors among YAEH.
  • Couch-surfing, a prevalent survival strategy involving temporary housing, remains understudied regarding its association with HIV risk behaviors in YAEH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate HIV risk and prevention behaviors among YAEH who are couch-surfing.
  • To examine the associations between couch-surfing, social support sources, and HIV risk behaviors using egocentric network analysis.
  • To test the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between couch-surfing and sexual risk behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Survey data collected from 461 YAEH accessing drop-in services in Los Angeles (September 2016 - October 2018).
  • Egocentric network analysis to assess relationships between housing status, social support, and HIV risk behaviors.
  • Statistical modeling to evaluate the impact of couch-surfing and social support on sexual risk behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Couch-surfing YAEH reported the highest rates of recent transactional sex (18.0%) and concurrent/serial partners (38.2%) compared to street/shelter-based youth.
  • Couch-surfing was associated with over double the odds of recent transactional sex (OR=2.52) and living unsheltered also increased odds (OR=2.06).
  • Social support showed individual associations with some risk behaviors but was ultimately overshadowed by the impact of the homeless situation.

Conclusions:

  • Couch-surfing among YAEH is significantly linked to increased engagement in HIV risk-related sexual behaviors, particularly transactional sex.
  • The type of unstable housing situation (couch-surfing or unsheltered) is a stronger predictor of sexual risk than social support.
  • Interventions must address both individual and structural factors, focusing on the unique socioenvironmental contexts of couch-surfing YAEH.