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Technology-Enabled (P)rehabilitation for Patients Undergoing Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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Cancers
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Summary

Technology-enabled prehabilitation significantly reduces hospital length of stay and improves patient-reported outcomes like pain and depression in cancer surgery patients. Further large-scale trials are needed to confirm these promising findings.

Keywords:
abdominal surgerydigital healthoncologypatient-reported outcomesprehabilitationrehabilitationthoracic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Digital Health
  • Surgical Care

Background:

  • Prehabilitation improves cancer surgery outcomes but faces access limitations.
  • Technology-enabled prehabilitation offers a scalable solution to enhance care equity.
  • This review focuses on technology's role in prehabilitation for thoracic and abdominopelvic cancer surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the efficacy of technology-enabled prehabilitation.
  • To evaluate its impact on perioperative and patient-reported outcomes.
  • To assess outcomes for patients undergoing thoracic and/or abdominopelvic cancer surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to October 2024.
  • Searched six databases for RCTs comparing technology-enabled prehabilitation with usual care.
  • Analyzed outcomes including complications, LOS, QoL, pain, depression, fatigue, and distress using meta-analysis.

Main Results:

  • Seventeen RCTs (n=1690) were included, mostly using app-based platforms.
  • Technology-enabled prehabilitation significantly reduced hospital length of stay (LOS).
  • Improvements were noted in pain, depression, fatigue, and distress compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Technology-enabled prehabilitation shows potential for improving LOS and patient-reported outcomes post-cancer surgery.
  • Limited evidence exists due to study heterogeneity and small sample sizes.
  • Large-scale, powered trials are necessary to confirm efficacy and guide implementation.