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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Correlations02:20

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Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
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Correlation and Causation01:27

Correlation and Causation

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Statistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. An indirect relationship of the variables signifies a correlation, while a direct relationship shows causation. If it is determined that no connection exists between the variables, then the correlation is a coincidence.
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Initiation of Translation02:33

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Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
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X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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Real-time X-ray Imaging of Lung Fluid Volumes in Neonatal Mouse Lung
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Initial Experience with Correlation Object-Based DRR Targeting Using Stereoscopic X-Ray Imaging in Lung SBRT.

Marlies Boussaer1, Cristina Teixeira1, Kajetan Berlinger2

  • 1Department of Radiotherapy, Research Centre for Digital Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that surrogate imaging significantly improves tumor visibility during lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). This markerless approach offers consistent geometric accuracy for real-time radiotherapy targeting.

Keywords:
SBRTlung tumormarkerlessmotion management

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Radiotherapy Technology

Background:

  • Real-time intra-fraction monitoring of moving targets in radiotherapy is challenging.
  • Markerless radiotherapy aims to improve accuracy without implanted markers.
  • ExacTrac Dynamic by Brainlab is investigated for intra-fraction monitoring in lung SBRT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate ExacTrac Dynamic for real-time intra-fraction monitoring in lung SBRT.
  • To assess the effectiveness of surrogate imaging for tumor visualization.
  • To determine the geometric accuracy of markerless lung targeting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 63 X-ray pairs from 21 patients.
  • Comparison of tumor visualization with and without a surrogate approach.
  • Assessment of geometric accuracy using 3D vector measurements and statistical tests.

Main Results:

  • Surrogates enhanced tumor visualization from 14.3% to 75.5%.
  • Tumor location influenced visibility (upper vs. lower lobes), but not statistically significant.
  • 76% of data points showed <5 mm deviation; mean deviation was ~4 mm.

Conclusions:

  • Surrogate-based digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) show consistent geometric accuracy.
  • This supports the clinical translation of markerless lung targeting for SBRT.
  • ExacTrac Dynamic shows potential for real-time intra-fraction monitoring in lung SBRT.