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Effects of Cannabidiol on Bone Health: A Comprehensive Scoping Review
Shabbir Adnan Shakir1, Kok-Yong Chin1
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Biomedicines
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Cannabidiol (CBD) shows potential for bone health by enhancing bone formation and reducing resorption. Further human studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety for skeletal benefits.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics and Bone Biology
- Pharmacology and Cannabinoid Research
- Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Bone Remodeling
Background:
- Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive cannabis compound with potential skeletal benefits.
- Existing evidence on CBD's effects on bone health and its mechanisms is fragmented.
- This review synthesizes current findings on CBD's impact on bone outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of studies examining the effects of CBD on bone health.
- To identify and analyze the proposed mechanisms of action for CBD in bone.
- To summarize the current evidence regarding CBD's role in skeletal physiology.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
- Inclusion of 24 original studies published in English, regardless of study design.
- Descriptive analysis of data on study models, CBD formulations, treatment parameters, bone outcomes, and mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Eleven studies reported beneficial effects of CBD on bone formation, mineralization, or strength.
- Eleven studies showed mixed outcomes, and two found no significant benefit.
- CBD was shown to suppress osteoclast activity and promote osteoblast function via multiple signaling pathways, including cannabinoid receptor 2.
Conclusions:
- Preclinical data suggest CBD possesses bone-protective properties.
- CBD enhances osteoblast function and inhibits osteoclast activity through various mechanisms.
- Further rigorous human clinical trials are essential to validate CBD's efficacy, optimal dosage, and long-term safety for bone health.
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