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Freezing, Thawing, and Packaging Cells for Transport
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Advances in Freezing and Thawing Meat: From Physical Principles to Artificial Intelligence
Qianrui Xia1, Shiwei Yan1, Ming Huang2
1Department of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 211800, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Advanced freezing and thawing technologies are crucial for meat quality. Emerging multi-physics methods and artificial intelligence (AI) offer superior control over ice crystallization, enhancing meat processing efficiency and sustainability.
Area of Science:
- Food Science and Technology
- Materials Science
- Process Engineering
Background:
- Global meat consumption drives demand for effective preservation.
- Maintaining meat quality and extending shelf life are critical challenges.
- Conventional freezing and thawing methods have limitations in controlling ice crystal formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review recent advancements in meat freezing and thawing technologies.
- To examine the impact of ice crystal formation on meat quality.
- To explore the integration of emerging technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) in meat processing.
Main Methods:
- Review of fundamental principles of ice crystallization in meat.
- Analysis of conventional freezing and thawing techniques.
- Examination of emerging multi-physics methods (high-pressure, ultrasound, electric field-assisted processing).
- Assessment of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in meat processing.
Main Results:
- Emerging technologies offer enhanced control over ice morphology, reducing cellular damage compared to conventional methods.
- AI demonstrates potential in numerical simulation, quality monitoring, and predictive modeling for processing optimization.
- Challenges remain in AI data scarcity and model generalizability.
Conclusions:
- An integrated framework of "theory-technology-intelligence" is emerging for meat processing.
- Advancements support the development of sustainable, efficient, and quality-focused meat processing systems.
- Further research is needed to overcome AI implementation challenges.
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