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Integrating Digital Health into School Nursing for Food Allergy Management: A Systematic Review
Rita Nocerino1,2,3, Flavia Lotito4, Emma Montella1
1Departmental Area of Health Services, Unit of Health Services Organization, University Hospital Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Digital health tools improve food allergy (FA) education and management in schools. These interventions enhance staff preparedness, empower parents, and support allergic children, contributing to safer school environments.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Digital Health
- Pediatric Allergy
Background:
- Food allergy (FA) is a significant public health issue in school-aged children.
- Schools and childcare settings are high-risk environments for accidental food allergy exposure and anaphylaxis.
- Effective management strategies are crucial for ensuring the safety and well-being of allergic students.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the evidence on digital health interventions for food allergy (FA) education, prevention, and management in school settings.
- To assess the impact of these interventions on school staff, parents, and students.
- To identify gaps in current research, particularly regarding clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL) for studies published between January 2015 and December 2025.
- Inclusion of studies evaluating e-learning, mHealth, or web-based programs targeting school staff, parents, or students.
- Analysis of intervention effects on knowledge, preparedness, self-efficacy, communication, and coping mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting digital health's role in professional development and health equity.
- Interventions significantly improved school staff's knowledge and preparedness for anaphylaxis management.
- Digital tools enhanced parental empowerment, school communication, and supported allergic children's coping and inclusion.
- Limited evidence currently exists regarding the impact on clinical outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Digital health interventions can substantially improve school preparedness for food allergies (FA) and reduce health disparities.
- Integrating digital tools into national school health frameworks is recommended, especially in areas lacking established school nursing.
- This integration is a key step towards creating safer and more equitable school environments for children with FA.
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