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Summary

This study introduces a low-cost silicon photonic power combiner for O-band transmitters. The device enables coherent power scaling, crucial for high-speed optical communication, while mitigating nonlinear effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Integrated Optics
  • Semiconductor Devices

Background:

  • High-speed silicon photonic transmitters require increased on-chip optical power for advanced modulation formats and higher data rates.
  • Existing methods for increasing power can lead to cost increases and undesirable nonlinear effects in silicon waveguides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze a low-cost 4x1 tree-cascade multimode interference (MMI) power combiner for O-band silicon photonics.
  • To enable coherent power scaling compatible with standard O-band lasers while mitigating nonlinear effects.

Main Methods:

  • Design and simulation of a 4x1 MMI power combiner on a silicon-on-insulator platform.
  • Incorporation of adiabatic tapers and low-loss S-bends to manage field evolution and reduce nonlinearities.
  • Spectral and thermal analysis to evaluate performance across the O-band and under temperature variations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a simulated normalized power transmission of 0.975 with a low insertion loss of 0.1 dB.
  • Demonstrated a 3 dB bandwidth of 15.8 nm around 1310 nm, suitable for the O-band.
  • Confirmed stable operation within the device bandwidth for temperature variations up to ±50 °C.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed MMI power combiner offers a cost-effective solution for coherent power scaling in O-band silicon photonic transmitters.
  • Its broadband response, fabrication tolerance, and compatibility with commercial lasers make it suitable for advanced optical communication and photonic neural networks.
  • The device preserves linear transmission and supports dense, large-scale photonic integration.