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Updated: Jan 29, 2026
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Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast
Published on: August 20, 2013
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Nitroxide Hormesis in Yeast: 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO Modulates Aging, and Cell Cycle.
Mateusz Mołoń1, Patrycja Kielar2, Eliza Molestak3
1Faculty of Biology, Natural Protection, and Sustainable Development, University of Rzeszow, al. Tadeusza Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
4-hydroxy-TEMPO, a potent antioxidant, impacts yeast cell aging and gene expression. It shows a hormetic response, delaying aging in some strains while accelerating it in others, with reduced toxicity compared to TEMPO.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- 4-hydroxy-TEMPO is a water-soluble nitroxide radical with antioxidant properties.
- It functions as a superoxide dismutase mimetic, scavenging reactive oxygen species.
- Oxidative damage is implicated in aging and various cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physiological and transcriptomic effects of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- To understand its impact on cell growth, DNA content, and chronological aging.
- To compare its effects and toxicity with TEMPO.
Main Methods:
- RNA-Seq analysis to study transcriptional reprogramming.
- Utilized wild-type and mutant yeast strains (sod1Δ, sod2Δ, yap1Δ, rad52Δ).
- RT-qPCR to confirm key transcriptional changes.
Main Results:
- 4-hydroxy-TEMPO impaired growth and altered DNA content (G1 phase).
- It modulated chronological aging in a strain-dependent manner, showing hormesis.
- Reduced translational toxicity and preserved polysomes, unlike TEMPO, inducing a unique transcriptional program.
Conclusions:
- 4-hydroxy-TEMPO elicits a complex, redox-dependent transcriptional response in yeast.
- It exhibits a biphasic, genotype-specific hormetic effect on aging and provides genoprotection.
- The compound demonstrates a favorable toxicity profile compared to TEMPO.
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