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Cadmium Removal from Synthetic Waste-Water Using TiO2-Modified Polymeric Membrane Through Electrochemical Separation

Simona Căprărescu1, Roxana Gabriela Zgârian2, Grațiela Teodora Tihan2

  • 1Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.

Polymers
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study developed novel polymeric membranes with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles for wastewater treatment. These enhanced membranes demonstrated superior removal of cadmium ions (95.53%) compared to those without nanoparticles.

Keywords:
TiO2 nanoparticlescadmium removalelectrochemical separation systemimpedance spectroscopymodified membranesstructural characterization

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polymeric membranes are crucial for water purification.
  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles can enhance membrane properties.
  • Cadmium (Cd2+) is a toxic heavy metal pollutant in wastewater.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel polymeric membranes incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles.
  • To evaluate the performance of these membranes in removing cadmium ions from synthetic wastewater.
  • To investigate the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on membrane structure, stability, and conductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Phase inversion method for membrane synthesis.
  • Characterization using FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA, and impedance spectroscopy.
  • Electrochemical separation system for cadmium ion removal testing.

Main Results:

  • TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully incorporated, leading to a more uniform membrane structure.
  • Membranes with TiO2 achieved a 95.53% cadmium ion removal rate, significantly higher than membranes without TiO2 (85.29%).
  • TiO2-enhanced membranes exhibited improved thermal stability and ionic conductivity.

Conclusions:

  • Polymeric membranes synthesized with TiO2 nanoparticles are effective for cadmium removal from wastewater.
  • The incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles enhances membrane performance and stability.
  • The developed electrochemical separation system with these membranes offers a promising solution for heavy metal remediation.