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Implementation of a Length Gauge Based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR).

Aleksey Shestakov1, Dmitriy Kambur1,2, Yuri Konstantinov1

  • 1Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Korolev St. 1, Perm 614013, Russia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study adapts Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) for precise free-space distance measurements. A novel dispersion compensation method and calibration achieved 2 μm accuracy, expanding OFDR applications.

Keywords:
interferometryoptical frequency domain reflectometryoptical frequency scanningoptical length gaugesoptical ranging

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Area of Science:

  • Optics
  • Metrology
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) is established for fiber optics but underutilized for free-space distance measurement.
  • Measuring absolute distances in free space presents challenges due to complex optical paths and chromatic dispersion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt OFDR for accurate free-space distance measurements.
  • To address challenges of optical line composition and chromatic dispersion.
  • To develop a calibration method for high-accuracy reflectometry.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mathematical framework to eliminate chromatic dispersion effects using signal transformation and an equivalent phase.
  • Implemented an experimental setup with an OFDR system, collimator, and movable corner reflector.
  • Employed interferometric fringe-counting for calibration.

Main Results:

  • A dispersion compensation method was developed and tested, preventing peak broadening and maintaining width at tens of microns.
  • Calibration determined a frequency-to-distance coefficient, yielding measurement accuracy up to 2 μm.
  • Demonstrated successful adaptation of OFDR for precise measurements in free space.

Conclusions:

  • OFDR can be precisely adapted for distributed distance measurements in free space.
  • The developed methods significantly expand OFDR's application scope to complex environments.
  • This research paves the way for high-accuracy metrology in diverse settings.