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Tapered Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Pérot Cavity for Sensitivity-Enhanced Strain Sensing
Jinchen Zhang1, Chao Wang2, Rui Dai2
1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel optical fiber sensor for measuring axial strain. The innovative design enhances strain sensitivity by 12-fold, offering a cost-effective solution for precise measurements.
Area of Science:
- Optoelectronics
- Fiber Optics Sensors
- Interferometry
Background:
- Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are widely used for strain sensing.
- Fabry-Perot Interferometers (FPIs) offer high sensitivity but can be complex to fabricate.
- Existing FBG-based sensors have limitations in sensitivity and resolution for certain applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a novel optical fiber axial strain sensor.
- To enhance the strain sensitivity and resolution compared to conventional FBG-based sensors.
- To create a cost-effective and compact sensor for high-precision strain measurements.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a sensor comprising two identical FBGs with a bi-conical tapered fiber segment.
- Experimental validation of the sensor's performance under axial strain.
- Characterization of strain sensitivity and resolution limit.
Main Results:
- Achieved a strain sensitivity of 13.19 pm/με.
- Demonstrated a 12-fold enhancement in sensitivity compared to conventional FBG-FPI sensors.
- Obtained a resolution limit of 3.7 × 10-4 με.
Conclusions:
- The proposed FBG-Tapered Fiber-FPI sensor offers significantly improved strain sensitivity and resolution.
- The sensor exhibits advantages such as low fabrication cost, compact size, and excellent linearity.
- This technology holds great potential for high-precision axial strain measurement applications.
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