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High-Sensitivity MXene-Functionalized Photonic Crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Dual Rectangular

Min Lu1, Yan He1, Shuyu Xi1

  • 1University Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Intelligent Sensing, College of Physics and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor using MXene-functionalized photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for enhanced cancer detection. The advanced sensor design significantly improves sensitivity and accuracy for early cancer diagnosis.

Keywords:
MXenebiosensorsfinite element method (FEM)photonic crystal fiber (PCF)surface plasmon resonance (SPR)

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Current surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors for early cancer detection face limitations in sensitivity and light-analyte interaction.
  • Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based SPR sensors offer potential but require further enhancement for robust performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a high-performance SPR biosensor using MXene-functionalized PCF for improved cancer detection.
  • To enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of SPR sensing through a novel composite material and structural design.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an SPR biosensor by functionalizing PCF with a composite of MXene nanomaterials and gold (Au).
  • Utilized a circular air hole arrangement and double-groove morphology for enhanced plasmonic coupling and biocompatibility.
  • Employed Finite Element Method (FEM) for structural optimization of sensor parameters like air hole diameter, Au layer thickness, and groove shape.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high wavelength sensitivity of 11,072 nm/RIU and a quality factor of 201.3 RIU-1.
  • Demonstrated a high-resolution detection limit of 9.03 × 10-6 RIU.
  • Successfully discriminated six distinct cancer cell types with high sensitivity, verifying its potential for pan-cancer detection.

Conclusions:

  • The MXene-functionalized SPR-PCF biosensor offers significantly improved detection performance compared to existing methods.
  • This innovative sensing platform shows considerable potential for the early and accurate detection of multiple cancer types.