Respiratory Viral Infection Prophylaxis and Treatment in the Transplant Population

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Virology
• Transplant Medicine

Background:

• Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in transplant patients.
• Recent advancements in understanding virus structure have led to the development of new prophylactic and therapeutic agents, including vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current landscape of RVIs in transplant populations.
• To discuss the efficacy, safety, and timing of vaccines, antivirals, and other novel agents for RVI prevention and treatment in transplant recipients.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current RVI prophylaxis and treatment strategies.
• Analysis of data on vaccine timing, safety, and efficacy.
• Examination of novel agents, including antivirals and monoclonal antibodies.

Main Results:

• New vaccines, antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies are emerging for RVIs.
• The utility and safety of these agents in transplant populations are often uncertain.
• Specific focus on influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV in the context of transplantation.

Conclusions:

• Despite knowledge gaps, advancements in RVI prevention and treatment hold promise for improving outcomes in transplant patients.
• Further research is needed to establish optimal use of new agents in this vulnerable population.