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Adaptive Decision-Making Under Pressure: Effects of Control Mode-Cognitive Resource Alignment on Performance Within

Jiwon W Kim1, Reid W Stanslaski1, Michael C Dorneich1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Task demand and experience shape cognitive control. Aligning control modes with perceived cognitive resources is crucial for effective decision-making and enhanced performance under pressure.

Keywords:
contextual controlcumulative experienceexpert-novice differencessituated cognitionstrategy-resource alignment

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Human factors engineering
  • Decision science

Background:

  • Adaptive decision-making is critical in high-stakes environments.
  • The Contextual Control Model (COCOM) proposes control modes based on available time, but empirical validation is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the influence of task demand and experience on cognitive resources and control modes.
  • Examine how these factors affect performance under pressure.
  • Analyze control mode-cognitive resource mismatches within the COCOM framework.

Main Methods:

  • 37 participants engaged in an air traffic control simulation.
  • Experience was varied across three sessions; task complexity was manipulated across four levels.
  • Perceived cognitive resources and control mode were assessed via questionnaires; performance was logged.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive resources declined with task demand but rose with experience.
  • More planful control modes were adopted with increased resources and experience.
  • Resource appraisals mediated task demand's effect on control mode.
  • Planful control enhanced performance with high resources and complex tasks; mismatches led to performance decline.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support a mechanistic pathway for adaptive cognitive control.
  • Task demand and experience influence cognitive resource appraisals, impacting control mode and performance.
  • Alignment between control mode and cognitive resources is key for optimal decision-making and performance.