Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electron Behavior00:54

Electron Behavior

108.2K
Overview
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that are attracted to an orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in locations that are associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into sub-shells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the...
108.2K
Electron Behavior01:09

Electron Behavior

12.2K
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles attracted to and orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in spaces associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into subshells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus have less energy,...
12.2K
The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

31.8K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
31.8K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

59.2K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
59.2K
Magnetic Moment of an Electron01:23

Magnetic Moment of an Electron

2.8K
Electrons revolving around a nucleus are analogous to a circular current carrying loop. This current produces a magnetic dipole moment proportional to the electron's orbital angular momentum. Since the orbital angular momentum is quantized in terms of the reduced Planck's constant, the dipole moment is quantized in the Bohr Magneton. The value of the Bohr magneton is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2. Electrons also have an intrinsic spin angular momentum, and the associated spin magnetic moment is...
2.8K
The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule03:02

The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule

72.6K
To determine the electron configuration for any particular atom, we can build the structures in the order of atomic numbers. Beginning with hydrogen, and continuing across the periods of the periodic table, we add one proton at a time to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell until we have described the electron configurations of all the elements. This procedure is called the aufbau principle, from the German word aufbau (“to build up”). Each added electron occupies the...
72.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Momentum-Resolved Tunneling Modulation Induced Giant Multistate Resistance in Antiferroelectric Multiferroic Junction.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Transient domain boundary drives ultrafast magnetisation reversal.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Electrically Modulated Multilevel Optical Chirality in GdFeCo Thin Films.

ACS applied electronic materials·2025
Same author

Ultra-high spin emission from antiferromagnetic FeRh.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Author Correction: Controlling the helicity of light by electrical magnetization switching.

Nature·2024
Same author

Controlling the helicity of light by electrical magnetization switching.

Nature·2024
Same journal

Thermally Induced In-Lattice Cation Transformation of 0D Antimony Halides for Improved X-ray Scintillation.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Low-Valent Rhodium and Iridium Assemblies Directed by Uracilate and Guaninate Linkers.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Solid-State Syntheses, Crystallographic Spatial Disorders, Thermal Behavior, and Bandgaps of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Manganese Halides: A<sub>2</sub>Mn(Cl/Br)<sub>4</sub> (A = NH<sub>4</sub>, C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, & C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>).

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Comparing the Photophysical Properties of Bridged and Unbridged Platinum(II) Cyclometalated Complexes.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Solvent Coordination-Induced Synergistic Phase, Facet, and Defect Engineering of CdS for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Tailoring the Electron-Enriched Microenvironment of UiO-66 via Thiol Functionalization to Boost Non-Thermal Plasma CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Novel Object Exploration as a Potential Assay for Higher Order Repetitive Behaviors in Mice
08:28

Novel Object Exploration as a Potential Assay for Higher Order Repetitive Behaviors in Mice

Published on: August 20, 2016

8.9K

Exploring the Electronic and Magnetic Behavior of NdPO4: A First-Principles Study.

Salah-Eddine Bouzarmine1,2, Sohail Ait Jmal1, Loubaba Attou1

  • 1AMEEC Team, LERMA Laboratory, International University of Rabat, Sala Aljadida 11100, Morocco.

Inorganic Chemistry
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neodymium orthophosphate (NdPO4) exhibits antiferromagnetic properties and a 3.39 eV band gap, making it an insulator. Its magnetic moment and anisotropy are detailed, with superexchange driving its low transition temperature.

More Related Videos

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy
08:15

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: September 8, 2021

3.3K
Exploring the Arginine Methylome by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
07:02

Exploring the Arginine Methylome by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: December 16, 2021

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Novel Object Exploration as a Potential Assay for Higher Order Repetitive Behaviors in Mice
08:28

Novel Object Exploration as a Potential Assay for Higher Order Repetitive Behaviors in Mice

Published on: August 20, 2016

8.9K
In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy
08:15

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: September 8, 2021

3.3K
Exploring the Arginine Methylome by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
07:02

Exploring the Arginine Methylome by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: December 16, 2021

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Growing demand for efficient cooling solutions drives research into advanced magnetocaloric materials.
  • Understanding the fundamental electronic and magnetic properties of potential magnetocaloric compounds is crucial for technological development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of neodymium orthophosphate (NdPO4) using first-principles calculations.
  • To determine the magnetic configuration, band gap, magnetic moment, anisotropy, and dominant magnetic interaction in NdPO4.

Main Methods:

  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) with GGA + U + SOC approximation was employed.
  • Electronic structure and magnetic properties were calculated for the monoclinic monazite structure.
  • X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) sum rules were applied to DFT calculations.

Main Results:

  • NdPO4 exhibits an antiferromagnetic configuration with a direct band gap of 3.39 eV, indicating insulating behavior.
  • Calculated total magnetic moment is 1.4 μB, with spin, orbital, and dipolar contributions identified.
  • Modest magneto-crystalline anisotropy was observed, with the b-axis as the hard and ac-plane as the easy magnetization directions.

Conclusions:

  • Superexchange is the primary magnetic interaction in NdPO4, overriding dipole-dipole interactions and driving the transition temperature near 0.32 K.
  • The calculated properties suggest NdPO4 as a material for further investigation in magnetocaloric cooling applications.
  • The study provides essential data for the design and optimization of novel cooling technologies.