Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
10:13
A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks
Published on: April 28, 2023
3.1K
Metal- and Metalloid-Functionalized Diketopyrrolopyrroles for High-Performance Photovoltaics
Yuvraj Patil1, Rimpi Bhandari2, Vishwajit Chavda3
1University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, India.
Chemical Record (New York, N.Y.)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Metal- and metalloid-based diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) materials offer promising advancements in solar cell technology. Integrating these elements into DPP structures enhances photovoltaic performance, driving progress in efficient and lightweight solar solutions.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Organic Electronics
- Photovoltaics
Background:
- Growing global energy demand necessitates efficient, cost-effective, and lightweight solar technologies.
- Organic and perovskite solar cells present viable alternatives to traditional silicon-based cells.
- Developing photovoltaic materials with tunable optoelectronic properties remains a key challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the progress in metal- and metalloid-based diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) materials for photovoltaic applications.
- To analyze synthetic design strategies, optoelectronic properties, and device performance of these DPP materials.
- To highlight the structure-property relationships and the impact of metal integration on device performance.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of literature on metal- (Fe, Pt, Ir) and metalloid- (S, Se, Te, Si) based DPP materials.
- Analysis of synthetic approaches and their influence on material properties.
- Evaluation of device performance metrics, including power conversion efficiency (PCE).
Main Results:
- DPP materials exhibit strong electron-accepting ability, broad absorption, and thermal stability, facilitating efficient charge transport.
- Nickel-DPP-based ternary devices achieved a highest PCE of 16.06%.
- Platinum-DPP binary devices demonstrated a highest PCE of 15.03%.
Conclusions:
- Integration of various metal and metalloid elements into DPP is crucial for enhancing photovoltaic performance.
- Metal- and metalloid-based DPP materials represent a significant advancement in solar cell technology.
- Further research is needed to address fundamental challenges and explore future directions in DPP-based photovoltaics.
Related Concept Videos
02:32Bonding in Metals
52.3K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.
52.3K
02:37Metallic Solids
20.6K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.6K
03:06Alkali Metals
24.5K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
24.5K
01:17Performing a Simple Data Analysis using MS-Excel Function
1.0K
Microsoft Excel offers a suite of functions and tools ideal for statistical analysis, making it accessible to students and researchers. This article outlines fundamental Excel functions pivotal for data analysis.
SUM: This function calculates the total sum of a range of values. It's the foundation for aggregating data, essential for determining overall trends and totals in datasets.
AVERAGE: It computes the mean value of a given set of numbers, providing a quick insight into the central...
SUM: This function calculates the total sum of a range of values. It's the foundation for aggregating data, essential for determining overall trends and totals in datasets.
AVERAGE: It computes the mean value of a given set of numbers, providing a quick insight into the central...
1.0K
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
24.2K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
24.2K
02:58Properties of Transition Metals
29.7K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
29.7K