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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Medical Interventions for Preventing Postanesthesia Shivering in Children: A Network Meta-analysis.

Chuan-Qi Yang1, Yu-Hao Liang1, A-Xue Cheng1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University, Luoyang, Henan, China.

Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing : Official Journal of the American Society of Perianesthesia Nurses
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ketamine and alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists are effective in preventing postanesthetic shivering (PAS) in children. Ketamine showed the strongest effect, but its efficacy may be influenced by study size.

Keywords:
childrennetwork meta-analysispostanesthesia shiveringselective surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Postanesthetic shivering (PAS) affects 6.3% to 14% of children after surgery.
  • While adult treatments exist, pediatric meta-analyses for PAS are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate various medical interventions for preventing PAS in children.
  • To conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing treatment efficacies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and NMA of randomized controlled trials.
  • Searched multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
  • Synthesized results using a frequentist Mantel-Haenszel approach and common effect model, reporting pooled odds ratios (ORs).

Main Results:

  • Ketamine demonstrated superiority over magnesium sulfate, midazolam, and placebo (ORs ranging from 0.01 to 0.04).
  • Alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists were also superior to magnesium sulfate, midazolam, and placebo (ORs ranging from 0.02 to 0.16).
  • 5-Hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists showed efficacy against magnesium sulfate and placebo (ORs 0.03 and 0.18).

Conclusions:

  • Ketamine, alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are effective in preventing pediatric PAS.
  • Ketamine exhibited the largest effect size but may be susceptible to small-study effects.
  • Further research may be needed to fully understand the robustness of ketamine's efficacy.