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Gender and common mental disorders: A perspective from India.

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Common mental disorders (CMDs) significantly impact India, with women facing higher burdens and poorer treatment outcomes. Culturally sensitive, gender-responsive care is crucial to address these disparities and improve quality of life.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Mental Health Research
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Common mental disorders (CMDs), including depression and anxiety, are a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries like India.
  • These disorders are leading causes of disability and reduced quality of life, exacerbated by treatment gaps and high attrition rates.
  • Women experience a disproportionately higher prevalence and severity of CMDs, with poorer outcomes linked to structural and sociocultural factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant public health burden of common mental disorders in India.
  • To identify the specific challenges faced by women with CMDs, including healthcare access and sociocultural barriers.
  • To emphasize the need for tailored interventions that address gender and cultural specificities in mental healthcare.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies from India concerning common mental disorders.
  • Analysis of structural and sociocultural factors affecting healthcare access and outcomes for women.
  • Synthesis of evidence on treatment gaps, adherence, and attrition rates in the context of CMDs.

Main Results:

  • CMDs represent a leading cause of disability in India, significantly impacting quality of life.
  • Women face unique challenges, including gender-based violence, limited healthcare autonomy, discrimination, and stigma, leading to worse outcomes.
  • Existing care models are insufficient to address the complex needs of this population.

Conclusions:

  • There is an urgent need for culturally sensitive and gender-responsive care packages for common mental disorders in India.
  • Interventions must address structural barriers to healthcare access and prevalent sociocultural issues.
  • Improving outcomes for women with CMDs requires a multifaceted approach tailored to the Indian context.