Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

21.5K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
21.5K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

708
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
708
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

563
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
563
Processes of Self-Presentation01:29

Processes of Self-Presentation

247
Effective self-presentation is a central component of social interaction and identity construction. It relies on the dynamic processes of defining the situation and engaging in self-disclosure. These mechanisms help individuals navigate social context expectations and manage how others perceive them, fostering mutual understanding and relationship development.Defining the SituationSocial situations are shaped by collectively understood frames—a set of widely understood rules or...
247
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.6K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.6K
Isothermal Processes01:21

Isothermal Processes

5.0K
A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

You Are Always on My Mind: Neural Synchrony Between Mothers and Their 2-Year-Olds During Collaborative Play.

Developmental science·2026
Same author

Rhythms of interaction - the timescales of social coordination and why they matter.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same author

Data-driven optimization of preschoolers' hemodynamic response in a VR setup: advancing analytic methods for children's fNIRS naturalistic data with the AICopt method.

Neurophotonics·2026
Same author

Social functioning in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nature human behaviour·2026
Same author

Recent near-infrared approaches to cytochrome-c-oxidase monitoring: a systematic review of instruments and algorithms.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same author

BDNF relates to prefrontal cortex activity in the context of physical exercise.

Brain research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study
04:44

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study

Published on: July 21, 2021

4.9K

Investigating face processing in online interactions via UK-US hyperscanning using fNIRS.

Uzair Hakim1, Jack Adam Noah2, Xian Zhang2

  • 1Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom.

Imaging Neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|January 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study explored brain activity during online video calls, finding differences in visual processing for live faces versus static images. Online social interactions engage distinct neural mechanisms compared to in-person communication.

Keywords:
coherencefNIRSface processinghyperscanningonline communicationvideoconferencing

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis
05:59

Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis

Published on: October 6, 2023

3.3K
Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method
08:42

Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method

Published on: September 3, 2021

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study
04:44

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study

Published on: July 21, 2021

4.9K
Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis
05:59

Author Spotlight: Unlocking New Insights in fNIRS Studies - A Novel Framework for Inter-Brain Synchrony Analysis

Published on: October 6, 2023

3.3K
Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method
08:42

Measurement of the Directional Information Flow in fNIRS-Hyperscanning Data using the Partial Wavelet Transform Coherence Method

Published on: September 3, 2021

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Videoconferencing is prevalent, yet its neural underpinnings are understudied.
  • Existing research on face processing primarily focuses on in-person interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural mechanisms of face processing during online videoconferencing.
  • To compare brain activity and inter-brain coupling (IBC) for live-online versus static faces.
  • To understand social cognition in virtual communication.

Main Methods:

  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure brain activity.
  • fNIRS data was synchronized across UK and US laboratories.
  • Participants viewed live-online or static faces of their partners during videoconferencing sessions.

Main Results:

  • No preferential activity in the right supramarginal gyrus for live-online faces was observed, contrary to expectations from in-person studies.
  • Occipital-temporal and dorsal visual streams showed higher activity for live-online faces compared to static faces.
  • No significant increase in inter-brain synchrony was found for live face conditions versus static face conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Online social interaction studies offer a distinct research area separate from in-person interactions.
  • Videoconferencing engages specific neural pathways in visual processing.
  • Current methods do not show enhanced brain synchrony for live online faces compared to static ones.