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FT3 Levels and Systemic Inflammation: Evidence From a Population-Based NHANES Analysis
Liu Yang1, Han-Yu Wang2, Meng-Fei Fu3
1Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, hust.edu.cn.
Mediators of Inflammation
|January 29, 2026
Summary
Lower free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels are linked to higher inflammation in US adults. This association was more pronounced in older individuals, suggesting FT3 may play a role in systemic inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- The interplay between thyroid hormones, specifically 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), and inflammatory processes is complex and not fully elucidated.
- Systemic inflammation is implicated in numerous chronic diseases, making the identification of its influencing factors crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between circulating free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels and various systemic inflammatory markers.
- To analyze these associations within the diverse US population using national health survey data.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007-2012, including 2306 participants.
- Employed Spearman correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses to assess relationships between FT3 and inflammatory markers (CRP, NLR, PWR, PLR, MLR, SII, SIRI).
- Conducted subgroup analyses based on demographics and thyroid function to explore modifying factors, particularly age.
Main Results:
- Found significant inverse correlations between FT3 and C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in univariate analysis.
- After adjusting for confounders, FT3 remained inversely associated with CRP, NLR, and PLR.
- Age was identified as a significant modifier, with inverse associations between FT3 and several inflammatory markers being more consistent in older adults (≥65 years).
Conclusions:
- Circulating FT3 levels demonstrate an inverse association with key systemic inflammatory markers in the general US population.
- The findings suggest a potential role for FT3 in modulating inflammation, with age influencing the strength of this relationship.
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