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Related Concept Videos

Energy In A Magnetic Field01:24

Energy In A Magnetic Field

2.7K
If a magnetic field is sustained, there must be a current in a closed circuit or loop, implying some energy has been spent in creating the field. If this energy is not dissipated via the circuit's resistance, it is stored in the field.
Take an ideal inductor with zero resistance. Although it's practically impossible, assume that the coil's resistance is so small that it is practically negligible. The loss of the field's energy to dissipate thermal energy (or heat) is thus...
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Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
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Magnetic Field of a Solenoid01:18

Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

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A solenoid is a conducting wire coated with an insulating material, wound tightly in the form of a helical coil. The magnetic field due to a solenoid is the vector sum of the magnetic fields due to its individual turns. Therefore, for an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field within the solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length and the current. Conversely, the magnetic field outside the solenoid is zero.
Consider a solenoid with 100 turns wrapped around a cylinder of...
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Magnetic Field Lines01:19

Magnetic Field Lines

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The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
Magnetic field lines follow several hard-and-fast rules:
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Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

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Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
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Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
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An Optical Sensing Strategy for Passive Magnetic-Field Measurement in IoT-Enabled Renewable Energy Systems.

Jiale Yang1, Jia-Wei Zhang1, Xuan Meng1

  • 1School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel passive magnetic field sensor using optical interferometry and magnetoelectric materials. It achieves high sensitivity and resolution, offering advancements for various sensing applications.

Keywords:
fiber-optic sensormagnetic sensingmagnetoelectric effectmagnetostrictive effectpassive detection

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Magnetic field sensing is crucial for industrial, geophysical, and biomedical applications.
  • Conventional sensors face limitations in precision, sensitivity, and require active measurement.
  • There is a need for advanced, passive magnetic field sensing technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel sensing strategy for magnetic field measurement.
  • To achieve passive operation with high precision and sensitivity.
  • To explore the integration of functional films for enhanced performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an optical interferometric structure to measure Lorentz-induced deformation.
  • Employed an electromechanical coupling material for magnetoelectric conversion.
  • Validated results through magnetoelectric voltage measurements and functional film integration.

Main Results:

  • Achieved passive magnetic field sensing with a resolution of 178 μT and sensitivity of 56.2 pm/mT.
  • Demonstrated high consistency with magnetoelectric voltage measurements (R² = 0.978).
  • Integrated functional film enhanced sensitivity by 1.8 times.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical interferometric sensing strategy offers a promising alternative to conventional magnetic field sensors.
  • This approach contributes to energy-autonomous sensing systems, magnetomechanical devices, and biomedical applications.
  • The method is adaptable to various piezoelectric and metal materials for broader applicability.