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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants
Published on: March 1, 2013
SHED-exosome-functionalized degradable fibrous coatings: Immunomodulatory engineering of titanium implant interfaces
Rui Wang1, Yicheng Cheng2, Hong Chen1
1State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Dental Materials, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Abstract:
The host immune response critically determines the regeneration efficacy of peri-implant tissues. Exosomes derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-Exo), enriched with bioactive components, demonstrate proven immunomodulatory capabilities. This study developed a composite structured coating system for loading and sustained-release delivery of SHED-Exo on titanium implants. The system integrates chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) encapsulating SHED-Exo (CS@Exo NPs) within a Polylactic acid/polymalic acid (PLA/PMLA) electrospun nanofibrous membrane. Key findings revealed that: (1) CS-NPs maintained structural integrity and bioactivity of encapsulated SHED-Exo, enabling effective cellular internalization; (2) The composite coating comprising nanofibers and nanoparticles (PLA/PMLA/CS@Exo) demonstrated superior sustained-release performance, achieving continuous exosome delivery for over 30 days; (3) Released exosomes significantly promoted macrophage M2 polarization and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro; (4) The nanofibrous coating exhibited excellent mechanical stability during simulated implantation and degradation characteristics. This dual nanoarchitecture establishes a robust platform for implant-surface functionalization, combining immunomodulation through bioactive exosome delivery with favorable degradation profiles.
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