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Indian-enriched genetic variants are associated with cognitive function.

Hasan Abu-Amara1, Wei Zhao1,2, Zheng Li3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variants more common in India are linked to cognitive function in South Asians. Some of these variants show sex-specific effects, highlighting unique genetic influences on cognition.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseSouth Asiancognitive functiongeneticsrare variantssingle variant analysisvariant‐by‐sex interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Population Health

Background:

  • Genetic risk factors for dementia in South Asians remain largely unknown.
  • Investigating Indian-enriched genetic variants may reveal population-specific cognitive function associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine associations between Indian-enriched genetic variants and cognitive function measures in older Indian adults.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed 3.43 million India-enriched variants against seven cognitive function measures.
  • Utilized data from 2680 older adults in the Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD).

Main Results:

  • Indian-enriched variants were often located near genes associated with neuropsychiatric traits, N-acetyltaurine levels, educational attainment, and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Several variants near genes linked to intellectual disabilities and synaptic function displayed sex-specific effects.

Conclusions:

  • Indian-enriched genetic variants may significantly influence cognitive function in South Asians residing in India.
  • Cognitive function-associated variants unique to or more prevalent in India implicate cardiovascular, neurocognitive, and inflammatory pathways.