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Related Concept Videos

Endoplasmic Reticulum01:39

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells is a substantial network of interconnected membranes with diverse functions, from calcium storage to biomolecule synthesis. A primary component of the endomembrane system, the ER manufactures phospholipids critical for membrane function throughout the cell. Additionally, the two distinct regions of the ER specialize in the manufacture of specific lipids and proteins.
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The Endoplasmic Reticulum01:43

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

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The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum01:21

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum or smooth ER is a sub-organelle with specialized functions in animal cells and plant cells. It is often associated with the tubule morphology of the endoplasmic reticulum.
The ER provides optimal conditions for synthesizing steroid hormones and lipids, such as phospholipids and triglycerides. Traditionally, lipid metabolism was considered to be a smooth ER function. However, there is no direct evidence to prove that rough ER is completely excluded from lipid...
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Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum01:34

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation
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Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Bacillus cereus Administration on Colitis through Gut Microbiota Modulation

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Acacetin Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Targeting Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway to Inhibit Endoplasmic Reticulum

Bing-Bing Wang1, Fan-Hao Wei1, Yu Xiao1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Acacetin, a natural compound, alleviates ulcerative colitis (UC) by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. It targets the Keap1 protein, offering potential as a medicinal food for colitis prevention.

Keywords:
Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathwayacacetinapoptosisendoplasmic reticulum stressulcerative colitis

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Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS
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Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS
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Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with rising incidence.
  • Current UC treatments have significant side effects.
  • Acacetin, a natural flavonoid, possesses antioxidant properties but its role in UC is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of acacetin on oxidative stress in a mouse model of UC.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of acacetin's action in UC.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of UC in mice using dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS).
  • Administration of acacetin to DSS-treated mice.
  • Assessment of disease activity, colon length, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).
  • Investigation of the role of Keap1 and Nrf2 pathways.

Main Results:

  • Acacetin treatment alleviated DSS-induced weight loss, reduced disease activity index (DAI), and shortened colon length.
  • Acacetin inhibited inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and ERS-mediated apoptosis.
  • Acacetin's effects were mediated by targeting the Keap1 protein, as evidenced by Nrf2 knockout studies.

Conclusions:

  • Acacetin demonstrates therapeutic potential for ulcerative colitis by mitigating oxidative stress and ERS-mediated apoptosis.
  • Targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a key mechanism for acacetin's anti-colitis effects.
  • Acacetin may serve as a valuable component in medicinal foods for colitis prevention.