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Related Concept Videos

Plant Tissue Culture02:57

Plant Tissue Culture

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Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
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The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
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Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Plastoglobule Lipid Droplet Isolation from Plant Leaf Tissue and Cyanobacteria
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Resolving subcellular sucrose concentrations in plant tissues.

Xingjian Zhang1, Sandro Heschl1, Johannes Liesche1

  • 1Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 51, Graz 8010, Austria.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Measuring sucrose concentrations within plant cells at the subcellular level is difficult, especially in the cytosol. This review covers various methods for plant sucrose measurement, aiding future research.

Keywords:
Carbon allocationcarbon metabolismlive-cell imagingphloemsource–to–sinksucrose transport

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Sucrose is a key carbon and energy source in plants, produced during photosynthesis.
  • Subcellular sucrose levels regulate transport and enzymatic reactions critical for plant growth.
  • Accurate measurement of sucrose in the cytosol, a thin cellular layer, is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing methodologies for measuring subcellular sucrose concentrations in plant cells.
  • To discuss the applications and limitations of each method.
  • To highlight advancements in live-tissue sugar concentration analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Microautoradiography
  • Non-aqueous fractionation
  • Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy
  • Raman microspectroscopy
  • Mass spectrometry imaging
  • FRET nanosensors
  • Direct sampling
  • Theoretical modeling

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive overview of diverse techniques for subcellular sucrose quantification is presented.
  • Each method's suitability for specific research questions is discussed.
  • Current limitations and future directions for live-cell sucrose measurement are outlined.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate subcellular sucrose measurement is vital for understanding plant physiology.
  • A range of techniques exists, each with unique strengths for plant sucrose analysis.
  • Further development is needed for real-time, in vivo subcellular sugar quantification in plants.