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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Exocrine Glands: Unicellular and Multicellular Glands01:29

Exocrine Glands: Unicellular and Multicellular Glands

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Exocrine glands are classified as unicellular and multicellular. The unicellular glands are scattered single cells, such as goblet cells, found in the mucous membranes of the small and large intestines. On the other hand, multicellular exocrine glands develop as secretory sheets, like the internal lining of the abdomen or chest. Such secretory sheets release their secretions directly into the lumen of these organs. In addition, some multicellular glands have deep-seated secretory units to...
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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

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For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
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Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

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Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily...
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Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

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Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

TACI: An ImageJ Plugin for 3D Calcium Imaging Analysis
09:39

TACI: An ImageJ Plugin for 3D Calcium Imaging Analysis

Published on: December 16, 2022

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A multicellular analysis calcium imaging toolbox for ImageJ.

John Hageter1, Audrey DelGaudio1, Maegan Leathery1

  • 1West Virginia University Department of Biology, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.

Cell Reports Methods
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new toolkit, MCA (Multicellular Analysis toolkit), simplifies functional imaging analysis for cellular dynamics. This open-source software integrates with ImageJ, offering a user-friendly interface for complex experiments across various model organisms.

Keywords:
CP: computational biologyCP: imagingDrosophilacalcium imagingfunctional imagingimaging analysismodel systemsmouseneuroscienceopen sourcesoftwarezebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Bioimaging

Background:

  • Genetically encoded indicators are crucial for analyzing cellular dynamics and communication.
  • Analyzing large or complex functional imaging experiments presents significant challenges.
  • Existing analytical tools often require proprietary software, have restrictions, or necessitate programming expertise, limiting accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a user-friendly, open-source toolkit for analyzing functional imaging data.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing software for complex experimental analysis.
  • To provide a versatile platform compatible with widely used open-source software like ImageJ.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Multicellular Analysis toolkit (MCA) integrated with ImageJ.
  • Implemented a graphical user interface (GUI) for intuitive operation.
  • Incorporated rigid registration for motion correction, cell prediction algorithms, and data annotation/exporting features.

Main Results:

  • MCA successfully visualizes the analysis pipeline within ImageJ.
  • Validated MCA using zebrafish visual response calcium imaging data.
  • Demonstrated versatility across multiple sensory responses, brain regions, and model organisms (Drosophila, mouse).

Conclusions:

  • MCA offers a user-friendly and accessible environment for functional imaging analysis.
  • The toolkit supports diverse imaging modalities and experimental designs.
  • MCA enhances the utility of genetically encoded indicators for cellular research.