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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
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NSAID Use Is Not Associated With Persisting Symptoms in Adolescent Concussion.

Katelyn D Hurlburt1,2, Kelsie L Richardson1,2, Mathew J Wingerson1,2

  • 1Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
|February 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID) use in adolescents was linked to more severe concussion symptoms but did not predict persisting symptoms after concussion (PSaC). Further research is needed to clarify NSAID

Keywords:
managementmedicationsmild traumatic brain injurynonsteroidal anti-inflammatorypediatric

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • Concussion is a common injury in adolescents, with recovery influenced by various factors.
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are frequently used for pain management post-concussion.
  • The impact of NSAID use on concussion outcomes, particularly persisting symptoms, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between NSAID use, injury characteristics, and concussion recovery in adolescents.
  • To determine if NSAID use influences the development of persisting symptoms after concussion (PSaC).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 118 adolescents diagnosed with concussion within 14 days.
  • Participants were categorized into 'NSAID use' (ibuprofen/naproxen) and 'No NSAID use' groups.
  • Data collected included symptom severity, medical history, medication use, and time to symptom resolution to monitor for PSaC.

Main Results:

  • Adolescents using NSAIDs reported more severe initial symptoms and sustained more sport-related concussions.
  • NSAID use was associated with more severe symptoms (OR=1.03) but not with the development of PSaC (OR=0.62).
  • Factors associated with PSaC included non-sport-related injuries and higher initial symptom severity.

Conclusions:

  • NSAID use in adolescents with concussion is associated with increased symptom severity.
  • NSAID use was not found to be a predictor of persisting symptoms after concussion (PSaC) in this cohort.
  • Further research is recommended to elucidate the role of NSAIDs in concussion recovery and optimize clinical management.